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Raspberry Pi Image: Difference between revisions
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We have created an customised version of the Raspberry Pi Lite image with Cumulus MX pre-installed and ready to go. | We have created an customised version of the Raspberry Pi Lite image with Cumulus MX pre-installed and ready to go. | ||
This is designed to be what is called a "headless" installation, that is | This is designed to be what is called a "headless" installation, that is to be run on a Raspberry Pi without a monitor or keyboard attached to it. As such the image does not contain a Graphical User Interface (GUI), it is a command line only installation. It is possible to add the GUI later if you want it. | ||
=== Pre-Installation Steps === | === Pre-Installation Steps === | ||
You | You will need: | ||
* A suitable SD card for your Raspberry Pi | * A suitable SD card for your Raspberry Pi | ||
:A minimum size of 16GB is recommended. Be sure to buy a good quality card. | :A minimum size of 16GB is recommended. Be sure to buy a good quality card. | ||
:You can use an SSD instead if preferred [with the minor complication that in a later step you will need non-WiFi access to the Raspberry Pi (keyboard and monitor, or SSH over ethernet) as you cannot enter the WiFi details from a Windows PC to the linux SSD due to the different file system used] | |||
* An image installer to copy the image file to the SD card | * An image installer to copy the image file to the SD card | ||
:The [https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/ Raspberry Pi site] has a list of suitable software for your operating system. Scroll down to "Writing the image".<br /> | :The [https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/ Raspberry Pi site] has a list of suitable software for your operating system. Scroll down to "Writing the image".<br /> | ||
: This guide | : This guide uses Raspberry Pi Imager | ||
* The image file to install | * The image file to install | ||
:Download the latest image file from | :Download the latest image file from the [[Software#Current_Release|Software Download page]]. | ||
* An SSH terminal program to configure your Raspberry Pi | * An SSH terminal program to configure your Raspberry Pi | ||
: For Windows we recommend using [https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html PuTTY] | : For Windows we recommend using [https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html PuTTY] | ||
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* Insert your blank SD card into your computer - if not blank whatever is on the card will be erased. | * Insert your blank SD card into your computer - if not blank whatever is on the card will be erased. | ||
* Start Raspberry Pi Imager | * Start Raspberry Pi Imager | ||
:* Click the CHOOSE OS button, and select '''Use custom''' | :* Click the CHOOSE OS button, scroll down to the bottom of the list and select '''Use custom''' | ||
:*; [[File:PiImager-02.png|none]] | :*; [[File:PiImager-02.png|none]] | ||
:* Browse to the location of the OS Image zip file you downloaded - | :* Browse to the location of the OS Image zip file you downloaded - do not unzip it | ||
:* Click CHOOSE SD CARD, and select the SD card from the Device dropdown - check you have the correct drive selected! | :* Click CHOOSE SD CARD, and select the SD card from the Device dropdown - check you have the correct drive selected! | ||
:*; [[File:PiImager-04.png|none]] | :*; [[File:PiImager-04.png|none]] | ||
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::* Set the ssid to match your WiFi id | ::* Set the ssid to match your WiFi id | ||
::* Set the psk to your WiFi password | ::* Set the psk to your WiFi password | ||
:* Save the file, and then rename it to '''wpa_supplicant.conf''' - i.e. remove the .txt | :* Save the file, and then rename it to '''wpa_supplicant.conf''' - i.e. remove the .txt filename extension<br /><br /> | ||
* Eject the SD card from your computer | * Eject the SD card from your computer. Insert it into your Raspberry Pi and power up. | ||
=== First Boot === | === First Boot === | ||
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Retype new password: | Retype new password: | ||
passwd: password updated successfully</nowiki> | passwd: password updated successfully</nowiki> | ||
* It's a good idea to check/configure your RPi for your locale and timezone settings. The default is for en_UK UTF-8 locale and GMT timezone. Use '''sudo raspi-config''' 5. Localization Options, L1 Locale (select en_US ISO-8851-1 for USA if needed) and L2 Timezone (select the appropriate timezone), then '''sudo reboot''' if needed to engage the new settings. | |||
* Check the status of the Cumulus MX service with the command '''sudo systemctl status cumulusmx'''<br /> | * Check the status of the Cumulus MX service with the command '''sudo systemctl status cumulusmx'''<br /> | ||
: You will get some information back, the important bit to note is the line starting '''Active:''', it should say '''active (running)''' | : You will get some information back, the important bit to note is the line starting '''Active:''', it should say '''active (running)''' | ||
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Now it is time to configure Cumulus MX for your station. | Now it is time to configure Cumulus MX for your station. | ||
* Start your browser and connect to the same URL as before - '''<nowiki>http://cumulusmx:8998</nowiki>''' or '''http://<ip_address>:8998''' | * Start your browser and connect to the same URL as before - '''<nowiki>http://cumulusmx:8998</nowiki>''' or '''http://<ip_address>:8998''' | ||
* From the menu select '''Settings | Station Settings''', then follow | * From the menu select '''Settings | Station Settings''', then follow '''[https://cumuluswiki.org/a/Cumulus.ini#First run of MX this guide for configuring your station].''' | ||
* Once your have completed all the settings for for station, and successfully saved them, Cumulus MX will need to be restarted. | * Once your have completed all the settings for for station, and successfully saved them, Cumulus MX will need to be restarted. | ||
* Back in your SSH session, send the command '''sudo systemctl stop cumulusmx''', this stops the Cumulus MX service. | * Back in your SSH session, send the command '''sudo systemctl stop cumulusmx''', this stops the Cumulus MX service. | ||
* Wait a few seconds, then enter the command '''sudo systemctl start cumulusmx''', this starts the Cumulus MX service again. | * Wait a few seconds, then enter the command '''sudo systemctl start cumulusmx''', this starts the Cumulus MX service again. | ||
* Back to your browser and check that URL - '''<nowiki>http://cumulusmx:8998</nowiki>''' or | * Back to your browser and check that URL - '''<nowiki>http://cumulusmx:8998</nowiki>''' or '''http://<ip_address>:8998''' - again. If all is well, the default dashboard page should start showing the data from your weather station. | ||
:* If it does, congratulations, you have successfully started recording your weather data | :* If it does, congratulations, you have successfully started recording your weather data | ||
:* If it doesn't, then check back over this process carefully for any mistakes or omissions you may have made. | :* If it doesn't, then check back over this process carefully for any mistakes or omissions you may have made. | ||
:* If you cannot resolve the problem, then ask for [https://cumulus.hosiene.co.uk/ help on the forum] | :* If you cannot resolve the problem, then ask for [https://cumulus.hosiene.co.uk/viewforum.php?f=40 help on the forum] | ||
== Additional Steps == | == Additional Steps == | ||
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:* Add a DHCP reservation | :* Add a DHCP reservation | ||
:* Assign a static IP address | :* Assign a static IP address | ||
:If you need to use a fixed | :If you need to use a fixed IP address for your Raspberry Pi, there are 2 methods | ||
:For Ethernet | |||
1. Adjust your router settings to always assign the same IP address. This facility has different names on different brands of router, look for a section named DHCP. You may be able to choose the IP address (possibly within or possibly outside the range assigned by DHCP), or you may only be allowed to choose 'always assign the address it currently has'. You may need to know the MAC address of the Raspberry PI, but if so that will likely be displayed alongside the current connection. | |||
2. Adjust Raspberry Pi settings to always request the the same fixed address. This is less reliable, because your router may have assigned the requested address to a different device since the Pi was last active. To do this you have to edit this file: « '''/etc/network/interfaces''' » | |||
:For Ethernet connection a line specifying port '''eth0''' is needed to describe your ethernet configuration, as the example below. For a wireless connection, it needs similar with '''wlan0''': | |||
allow-hotplug eth0 | allow-hotplug eth0 | ||
iface eth0 inet static | iface eth0 inet static | ||
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== Information == | == Information == | ||
If you previously used Microsoft Windows with each part of a path separated by "\", please remember that all other operating systems, including that for Raspberry Pi, use "/" to both indicate the root (at start) and to separate parts of a path, as per the install location shown next. | |||
=== Install location === | === Install location === | ||
In this image Cumulus MX is installed into '''/opt/CumulusMX''' | In this image Cumulus MX is installed into '''/opt/CumulusMX''' | ||
=== Image Customisations === | === Image Customisations === | ||
* Based on the 'Lite' version of the Raspberry Pi OS (ie the graphical desktop GUI is not included; it can be added later if you want it) | |||
* Full install of Mono | * Full install of Mono | ||
* Update of all packages | * Update of all packages | ||
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sudo systemctl enable cumulusmx | sudo systemctl enable cumulusmx | ||
: To stop Cumulus starting at boot time: | : To stop Cumulus starting at boot time: | ||
sudo systemctl disable cumulusmx | |||
=== Starting Cumulus MX from the command line === | === Starting Cumulus MX from the command line === | ||
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sudo systemctl stop cumulusmx | sudo systemctl stop cumulusmx | ||
Then path to the Cumulus folder and start it | Then path to the Cumulus folder and start it<br> | ||
cd /opt/ | (Noting it is case sensitive). | ||
sudo mono | cd /opt/CumulusMX | ||
sudo mono CumulusMX.exe | |||
=== Symbolic Links === | === Symbolic Links === | ||
The image contains a number of precreated symbolic links for Cumulus MX files such as realtime.txt and the standard website tmp files. These links divert these files to a memory disk to reduce wear on your SD card. | The image contains a number of precreated symbolic links for Cumulus MX files such as realtime.txt and the standard website tmp files. These links divert these files to a memory disk to reduce wear on your SD card. | ||
== Build Creation Notes == | == Build Creation Notes == | ||
