Cumulus MX FAQ: Difference between revisions

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= Introduction =
= Introduction =
[[Category:Cumulus_MX]]
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[[File:Crystal Clear info.png|40px]] This document is 'Work In Progress' so content may not be complete or accurate!
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If you are seeking information on why you might want to use Cumulus, then please read [[About Cumulus|the About Cumulus article]] first. That is a general introduction to what Cumulus does and what might be its advantages over alternative software.
If you are seeking information on why you might want to use Cumulus, then please read [[About Cumulus|the About Cumulus article]] first. That is a general introduction to what Cumulus does and what might be its advantages over alternative software.
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I started pasting in useful material, mostly from Steve Loft's posts in the forum about the beta version of MX, but as at that time I was not using MX I hoped somebody else would make sense of it and create a better layout. Of course nobody did.
I started pasting in useful material, mostly from Steve Loft's posts in the forum about the beta version of MX, but as at that time I was not using MX I hoped somebody else would make sense of it and create a better layout. Of course nobody did.


When I did start using MX, I decided to edit other articles first, see [[Cumulus MX]], [[Cumulus MX formal release versions]], [[Webtags]], [[Cumulus.ini]], [[Dayfile.txt]], [[Category:Log Files]], [[Php webtags]], and various others.
When I did start using MX, I decided to edit other articles first, see [[Cumulus MX]], [[Cumulus MX formal release versions]], [[Webtags]], [[Cumulus.ini]], [[Dayfile.txt]], [[:Category:Log Files]], [[Php webtags]], and various others.


So that left this page, and now I am starting on updating this article. If you read this, and believe you can help with completing this update, please do.
So that left this page, but I don't have enough time to complete updating this article. If you read this, and believe you can help with completing this update, please do.
 
= Installation and Upgrading problems =
== Basic advice ==
 
# Whether you are installing MX for the first time, or updating to a new version, you download the zipped software from [[Software|Software page]].
#Unzip it either directly to the place where you want it, or to a holding area where you keep downloaded software, and then use copy or another file transfer process to get it to final destination
#You will find more advice in the [[Cumulus_MX|Cumulus_MX documentation page]].
#If there is a problem, the most likely problem is that you are trying to install onto say a SD card and that has failed, and needs to be replaced. You might want to consider investing in a SSD drive, they tend to be very reliable.
 
== I use Cumulus 1 and want to move to Cumulus MX ==
 
Please see [[Moving from Cumulus 1 to MX]] article.
 
== Variation between releases ==
 
*Cumulus MX is currently being developed
*#Some functionality changes between version
*Some bugs probably remain from the older beta versions of MX initiated by Steve Loft.
*Each new piece of functionality has potential to add further bugs as it is impossible for the developer to test that feature with all possible weather station types, and with all setting permutations
* Most releases are tested by a few beta testers prior to them being released generally, but again these people don't test all permutations.
*#Consequently, if you always upgrade to the latest version, you might encounter new functionality that possibly might not work with your particular set-up.
*#Equally, if you don't always update to the latest version, you might miss out on a solution to a problem in the version you are using
*The advice is therefore to retain the download of the version you are currently using when you upgrade to a new version, so regression is easy if you do encounter a problem with new functionality.
*Always read the release notice when a new release is available, that might determine the speed at which you should upgrade.
 
If you ever do need to download the distribution for a release prior to the current one, please go to [https://github.com/cumulusmx/CumulusMX/releases this web page]. Don't forget to read the release notices on the forum, because there might be differences between releases that require action by you (whether increasing version number or decreasing version number).


= Troubleshooting - messages in MXdiags or in console/terminal output =
= Troubleshooting - messages in MXdiags or in console/terminal output =


== Questions ==
Mark Crossley lists the issues outstanding in beta version of MX [[MX Issues|in MX Issues article]]. Although that has not been updated since 2018, it might give you a hint of bugs that might still exist.
 
=='''MESSAGE FROM SFWS'''==
 
I do not have a separate environment to test MX in, and I don't want to mess up my set of weather measurements by any action causing MX to give an error message just to be able to get this article right.
 
Also I don't want to search through all the source code to look up every possible message that MX can produce, I know different versions of MX can differ in what messages they output to the diags, so it is not simple to know what to include here.  It may be I have matched the message MX gives to the wrong solution because I do not have a complete knowledge of how MX works. Please do correct any mistakes I have made and improve this article, I cannot do it all alone.
 
 
So forgive me if actual MX messages are different to those I quote here, I just hope that you find what I have typed here helpful.
 
If you see another message, please add the message and solution here, so it becomes a better place to help people solve any problems they encounter.
 
== Questions and answers ==


=== Not watching the terminal or console window ===
=== Not watching the terminal or console window ===


Although the MX engine writes messages to the terminal or console (the terminology varies depending on the device) many people don't have a monitor connected to the device running MX (and if they do, they don't watch this output). Therefore it is easy to not to see messages, and not to know when MX is running or crashes.
Although the MX engine writes messages to the terminal or console (the terminology varies depending on the device) many people don't have a monitor connected to the device running MX (and if they do, they don't watch this output). Therefore it is easy to not to see messages, and not to know when MX is running, miss out when it is reporting errors, or perhaps even to fail to spot when it crashes.


One problem people have is stopping MX while it is busy, perhaps still doing catch-up from  your station's logger after restarting, perhaps doing an end of day or end of month rollover, maybe in the middle of some other task. It is not so easy to see when MX is running, nor when it is busy. MX does so many tasks now, that picking a moment when it is not doing something is harder.
One problem people have is stopping MX while it is busy, perhaps still doing catch-up from  your station's logger after restarting, perhaps doing an end of day or end of month rollover, maybe in the middle of some other task. It is not so easy to see whether MX is running, nor when it is busy. MX does so many tasks now, that picking a moment when it is not doing something is harder.


Although MX is designed assuming it is left running all the time, it is permissible to stop, and restart it, just do that as few times as possible (once a day if you must). MX will run on a variety of devices, so can run on devices that are cheap to leave on all the time.
Although MX is designed assuming it is left running all the time, it is permissible to stop, and restart it, just do that as few times as possible (once a day if you must). MX will run on a variety of devices, so can run on devices that are cheap to leave on all the time.


=== Station type not known ===
When you first run MX, it needs to be told what station type to look for, and how to connect to that station. Start up the [[Cumulus_MX#Administrative_Interface|Administrative Interface]] and select the settings tab, it should then display station settings for you to make the necessary choices.
=== Unable to connect to station ===
This means that you have not set all the settings mentioned in previous answer.
*Maybe you have selected a station type where you need to select a connection port
*Maybe you have migrated from Cumulus 1 to MX. These two flavours use a different setting to select the port, so MX ignores the C1 setting ('''Port=number''' in [[Cumulus.ini#Station|[Station] section of Cumulus.ini configuration file]]) and you need to enter the one MX uses ('''Comport=text''' in Cumulus.ini).
=== Weather Station Problems ===
If one of the sensors on your weather station fails, MX will reuse the same value for 6 reads, after that it will conclude the station is fault, and with default settings, MX will stop working.
There are many places where you can look on the web for advice on setting up a weather station. In the UK, the best site to read first is '''the resources linked from''' [https://www.rmets.org/resource/how-can-you-make-high-quality-weather-observations how-can-you-make-high-quality-weather-observations] page.
=== The Moon rise or set time is showing dashes.  ===
The moon doesn’t rise and set every day, the dashes appear when that event doesn’t occur on that particular day. The period between a moon rise and set is approximately 12 hours and 25 minutes, on average. The moon rises (or sets) approximately 50 minutes later, on average, each day. It therefore follows that sometimes the moon will not rise or set on a particular day - i.e. it had risen the previous day, or will set on the following day.
=== The Moon image is just black ===
It's probably a New Moon.


=== I have a message about web tags ===
=== I have a message about web tags ===


There is an article about [[Webtags|Web tags]], I have tried to keep that up to date. That may help, the most common errors seem to be:
There is an article about [[Webtags|Web tags]], I have tried to keep that up to date. That may help, the most common errors seem to be:
# Using a web tag not available at the version you are using (the message in the mXDaiags should indicate which one).
# Using a web tag not available at the version you are using (the message in the MXDiags should indicate which one).
# Using the wrong output formatters, as the article referenced above explains, the codes to use for MX are far more complicated.
# Using the wrong output formatters, as the article referenced above explains, the codes to use for MX are far more complicated.
# Using an input modifier that MX cannot match to data available (the message will talk about arrays).
# Using an input modifier that MX cannot match to data available (the message will talk about arrays).
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This could cover a lot of problems. Make sure you don't have 2 copies of MX running and are not running anything else that accesses the same weather station or the same files as MX, because this message may relate to such a conflict.
This could cover a lot of problems. Make sure you don't have 2 copies of MX running and are not running anything else that accesses the same weather station or the same files as MX, because this message may relate to such a conflict.
Maybe there is some fault with your weather station to MX communication.


Other problems that crash MX when you have just updated either MX or Mono, may relate to code added in update. For example 3.6.2 crashed in some contexts because of a new "FluentFTP.dll file", 3.6.3 reverted to the one used for 3.6.0. Other people have seen problems because of changes in how MONO worked on an update, although that was more of a problem with MX beta than later MX.
Other problems that crash MX when you have just updated either MX or Mono, may relate to code added in update. For example 3.6.2 crashed in some contexts because of a new "FluentFTP.dll file", 3.6.3 reverted to the one used for 3.6.0. Other people have seen problems because of changes in how MONO worked on an update, although that was more of a problem with MX beta than later MX.
Maybe MX is trying to upload to your web server and that web server is not currently available. Or MX is trying to upload to a database server, and that is not currently available.
=== I have a message about missing web templates ===
If you have selected the '''Include standard files''' option, MX expects to find all the standard web templates in the folder ''CumulusMX/web'', and will give an error message if it cannot find that folder or cannot find all the files in that folder that are provided in each MX distribution.
= Accessing the Admin Interface =
The admin interface is where you set all settings for MX. It also provides screens for editing log files and the extremes they contain. Finally it provides a number of pages where you can view the weather data Cumulus MX is processing.
== Questions ==
Most problems will be in gaining access.
# Read [[Cumulus_MX#Administrative_Interface|the documentation first]] to see how to access this interface.
#Because the MX engine generates a web server on which to run the interface, there might be a permissions problem
#*You might need to issue a one-off command to let the MX engine generate the web server, this often involves giving it '''root''' or '''administrator''' privileges although it does not need to run at the root or run in an administrator user. The command needed depends on your operating system, see [[Cumulus_MX#Installing_and_Running_Cumulus_MX|the documentation]], to see if it is covered there.
#*You may need to edit settings in your virus checker, firewall, or similar software to open the '''8998''' port (or if you need to use a different port, start MX with the relevant port parameter).


= Problems with MX not accepting data when move from C1 =
= Problems with MX not accepting data when move from C1 =
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# When you first start running MX, it does not seem to be able to populate charts and recent history web tags for earlier times.
# When you first start running MX, it does not seem to be able to populate charts and recent history web tags for earlier times.


= Dealing with rogue or missing input or derivatives =
= Dealing with rogue values =
 
==INPUT ISSUES==
 
Input issues are when Cumulus reads the wrong information from the weather station.
* Sometimes a weather station will supply incorrect data bits that mean wrong numbers are input to Cumulus MX or that MX looking at byte level does not recognise what it is being sent
*What Cumulus outputs, for up to 3 different wind speeds it can calculate, depends on the weather station and which outputs from the weather station are processed by Cumulus.
*For Fine Offset (not Ecowitt), MX has various options on '''Settings''' menu, ''Calibration settings'' page, '''Spike removal''' section to reject any readings that ''differ from previous value''  by more than figure selected. As mentioned, this is not available for most weather stations, only those that can optionally output to Easyweather software.
*For all weather stations, MX has various options on '''Settings''' menu, ''Calibration settings'' page, '''offsets''' and '''multiplier''' sections to calibrate what is read from the weather station by applying a multiplier (in some cases both first and second order multipliers), and/or an offset.
*MX can also reuse the last good reading (for up to 6 times) if there is a problem with individual readings. After that it gives up and labels that sensor as not working (see next point).
*MX can stop running if it is unable to obtain readings for key measurements, i.e. temperature, pressure, wind speed, humidity, although there are some settings that can over-ride this action.
 
 
== DERIVATIVES ISSUES ==
 
Derivatives are any values that Cumulus reports which it has not read directly from the weather station.  In a sense, every out put by Cumulus is a derivative, because the units that the weather station supplies readings in, have to be converted to the units that the user has requested.
 
*Cumulus MX  ignores any maximum and minimum values supplied by a weather station; it calculates these highest and lowest derived values each metrological day for itself, from every measurement it processes, not the small sample of it actually writes to the standard log.
**As each new standard sensor reading is read in it is first converted to units selected by user, then the reading is added to the recent history array, then it is compared against the previous highest/lowest for that meteorological day, updating those as needed, and finally the reading is placed into web tags (for web pages), application programming interface that can feed it to admin interface, and a subset are logged in the standard log file.
*Currently, MX does not calculate maximum and minima for any extra sensor measurements.
*For rainfall, MX does not use any rainfall readings supplied by the weather station, instead it works with a long term counter, and derives daily readings to output from subtracting one counter value (at end of required period) from another at start of day.  For rain this month, Cumulus adds the current day's reading, and the readings logged in the [[Dayfile.txt|daily summary log]] for each preceding day in the month. For rainfall this year (also shown on the current conditions output, not any output for this year), the rainfall being output is the sum of the Year-to-date figure in the '''Settings''' menu, ''Station settings''  page, '''Annual rainfall''' section, today's rain, and the total rain stored in daily summary log for every previous day in the same calendar year.
*Depending on weather station (and settings selected), Cumulus may either use values from the weather station, or values it calculates itself, for items like Wind Chill and Forecasts.
*Weather stations do not supply Canadian Humidity Index (Humidex), USA Heat Index, Australian Apparent Temperature or the Feels Like temperature indices.  For all these, Cumulus will calculate them by looking at various simultaneous readings (temperature, wind speed, and humidity for those two examples).
*The current conditions that Cumulus outputs are derived from every individual measurement, although if the weather station does not update between every output by Cumulus (e.g. Fine Offset that update only every 40 seconds), then Cumulus may repeat its previous readings for two outputs in succession (Cumulus will output at least every minute, sometimes every second if weather station updates that frequently).
**Cumulus provides recent history web tags to give you access to a selection of outputs for every minute in past 7 days.


INPUT ISSUES: Sometimes a weather station will supply incorrect data bits that mean wrong numbers are input to Cumulus MX or that MX looking at byte level does not recognise what it is being sent.
==EXTREMES ISSUES==


DERIVATIVES ISSUES: Cumulus MX  ignores any maximum and minimum values supplied by a weather station; it calculates these derived values for itself. For rainfall, MX does not use any rainfall readings supplied by the weather station, instead it works with a long term counter, and gets daily readings to output from subtracting one counter value (at end of required period) from another at start of day.  It calculates further derived values like apparent temperature and feels like (and many others) by looking at various simultaneous readings (temperature, wind speed, and humidity for those two examples).
Extremes appear on the records web page, these are highest/lowest in a month, in a year and all-time.


EXTREMES ISSUES: When  MX is calculating those maximum and minimum derivatives, these are within an individual day, but they are compared against others in the same month (to update both the this month web tags and the monthly extremes web tags), against others in the same year (to update the this year web tags) and against all previous derivatives (to update the all-time web tags). I say update web tags, because that is how you view the extremes, but actually there is a log file for maximum and minimum in a day (today.ini), for this month (month.ini), for monthly-all-time (monthlyalltime.ini), for this year (year.ini), and for all time (alltime.ini). These log files are where MX stores the extremes and where you need to do corrections. For total rain this month, this year, maximum rain for this month in all years and highest rainfall (hourly, daily, monthly), the same log files are used. The highest daily wind run per month, per year, in the same month for all years and all-time is similarly stored in these log files and made available as web tags.
When  MX is calculating those maximum and minimum derivatives, these are within an individual day, but they are compared against others in the same month (to update both the this month web tags and the monthly extremes web tags), against others in the same year (to update the this year web tags) and against all previous derivatives (to update the all-time web tags). I say update web tags, because that is how you view the extremes, but actually there is a log file for maximum and minimum in a day (today.ini), for this month (month.ini), for monthly-all-time (monthlyalltime.ini), for this year (year.ini), and for all time (alltime.ini). These log files are where MX stores the extremes and where you need to do corrections. For total rain this month, this year, maximum rain for this month in all years and highest rainfall (hourly, daily, monthly), the same log files are used. The highest daily wind run per month, per year, in the same month for all years and all-time is similarly stored in these log files and made available as web tags.
 
== Advice re problems ==


#Dealing with input problems depends on your weather station type
#Dealing with input problems depends on your weather station type
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#* For other weather station types, look in the forum for advice or read the station instructions.
#* For other weather station types, look in the forum for advice or read the station instructions.
# If the output values are frequently incorrect, MX provides some calibration settings in the admin interface. These vary dependent on the type of weather reading you want to correct. In general they use a formula like <tt> Output = Multiplier_2 X Input<sup>2</sup> + Multiplier_1 X input + Offset</tt> so in the settings you can specify the multipliers and offset to use in that equation.
# If the output values are frequently incorrect, MX provides some calibration settings in the admin interface. These vary dependent on the type of weather reading you want to correct. In general they use a formula like <tt> Output = Multiplier_2 X Input<sup>2</sup> + Multiplier_1 X input + Offset</tt> so in the settings you can specify the multipliers and offset to use in that equation.
#If only a small numbers are incorrect, MX provides editors for the logs that store extremes (although for today only the rainfall can be edited). See the pages linked from [[:Category:Log Files|Category:Log Files]] to discover more about each log and how to deal with rogue values. View and edit these on'''Edit''' tab of admin interface.
#If only a small numbers are incorrect, MX provides editors for the logs that store extremes (although for today only the rainfall can be edited). See the pages linked from [[:Category:Log Files|:Category:Log Files]] to discover more about each log and how to deal with rogue values. View and edit these on'''Edit''' tab of admin interface.
#You can correct any individual rogue value in a monthly log as MX (see viewer editor on '''Data logs''' tab of admin interface.
#You can correct any individual rogue value in a monthly log as MX (see viewer editor on '''Data logs''' tab of admin interface.
#As rainfall has a lot of different derivatives stored for it (hourly totals, daily totals, rain rate) it is quite complicated to correct, so there are a series of instruction in the [[FAQ#My_station_invented_some_rain_that_didn.27t_really_occur.2C_and_I_want_to_set_it_to_zero_.28or_some_other_figure.29|C1 FAQ]].
#As rainfall has a lot of different derivatives stored for it (hourly totals, daily totals, rain rate) it is quite complicated to correct, so there are a series of instruction in the [[FAQ#My_station_invented_some_rain_that_didn.27t_really_occur.2C_and_I_want_to_set_it_to_zero_.28or_some_other_figure.29|C1 FAQ]].
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Obviously to use Custom SQL you need some knowledge of SQL and this answer cannot teach you SQL. But the general format of an update instruction for a whole row is given below, ensure the command you supply to MX has all the parts shown. The instructions in {} are optional, they just make the SQL read better, parts in lower case need to be replaced by whatever is appropriate for your table, values are web tags enclosed in single quotes e.g. <tt>'<#windrun>'</tt>, if there are any columns for which you don't have a value, use NULL without any quotes as this is SQL.
Obviously to use Custom SQL you need some knowledge of SQL and this answer cannot teach you SQL. But the general format of an update instruction for a whole row is given below, ensure the command you supply to MX has all the parts shown. The instructions in {} are optional, they just make the SQL read better, parts in lower case need to be replaced by whatever is appropriate for your table, values are web tags enclosed in single quotes e.g. <tt>'<#windrun>'</tt>, if there are any columns for which you don't have a value, use NULL without any quotes as this is SQL.
<pre> INSERT [INTO] database_table_name (primary_key_column_name, column_name_1, column_name_2, .... column_name_last) VALUES ('primary_key_value', 'web_tag_1', 'web_tag_2', ... 'web_tag_last');
<pre> INSERT [INTO] database_table_name (primary_key_column_name, column_name_1, column_name_2, .... column_name_last) VALUES ('primary_key_value', 'web_tag_1', 'web_tag_2', ... 'web_tag_last');</pre>


= Problems with web pages or NOAA reports =
= Problems with web pages or NOAA reports =
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MX comes with a standard set of web pages. Although some look the same, these are different from the pages coming with C1. You may find that information labelled as for Cumulus 1 does apply to the MX web pages as for example they share the same cascading style sheet.
MX comes with a standard set of web pages. Although some look the same, these are different from the pages coming with C1. You may find that information labelled as for Cumulus 1 does apply to the MX web pages as for example they share the same cascading style sheet.


== Questions ==
== Questions and answers ==


=== How to set up a web site ===
=== How to set up a web site ===
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#Check your FTP server, does it allow delete, insert, and rename operations
#Check your FTP server, does it allow delete, insert, and rename operations
# Test using your own [[FTP_tools|FTP package]], have you got host, username, password, and directory specified correctly
# Test using your own [[FTP_tools|FTP package]], have you got host, username, password, and directory specified correctly
#Be aware that your web server hosting provider might change the ports you have to use, so check their documentation, or announcements and be prepared to change the port in MX settings.
#The settings required are on the Internet settings screen within the admin interface.
#The settings required are on the Internet settings screen within the admin interface.
#In the '''web/FTP site''' section, check the settings, and experiment with a different FTP protocol. For example MX can use standard FTP, or FTPS, and you can select whether to use TLS 1.2. Hopefuly whoever provides your web server has told you what FTP profile to use.
#In the '''web/FTP site''' section, check the settings, and experiment with a different FTP protocol. For example MX can use standard FTP, or FTPS, and you can select whether to use TLS 1.2. Hopefuly whoever provides your web server has told you what FTP profile to use.
#In the '''web/FTP settings''' section, check all the settings, some determine what is automatically uploaded, other settings should initially obey the tips shown on the settings screen. One item to try is changing the setting for ''Active FTP mode''.  
#Be aware that there are differences between different MX versions on which of the following protocols are available:
#* Simple File Transfer Protocol (FTP) simple file transfer process; effectively the file is transferred exactly as it is without any attempt to apply any security to stop it being read if it is intercepted.
#*File Transfer Protocol Secure (FTPS), this adds Transport Level Security (the modern replacement for what was the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), which is now prohibited by RFC7568); effectively this requires the network connection to be secured so sender and receiver only can see what has been transferred, it is hard to intercept anything sent over the network, let along read an individual file.
#*Secure File Transfer Program (SFTP), based on Secure Shell (SSH) protocol, an open standard for secure transfer over an unsecured network; effectively it can be intercepted, but only recipient can both read the file and remove the encrypting.
# As with any new functionality added at a particular version, it probably has not been tested for all the operating systems and other environmental conditions under which it can be used, and it is possible it might not work in the first version where it is introduced.
#In the '''web/FTP settings''' section, check all the settings, some determine what is automatically uploaded, other settings should initially obey the tips shown on the settings screen. One item to try is changing the setting for ''Active FTP mode''.
#Be careful you don't set the interval between successive FTP/FTPS/SFTP  uploads too small. Each of these processes is a fairly slow way to transfer files, so if you are uploading large files it might take a little time, and you can't start a new upload until previous has finished.
#For most modern web pages, including those provided, use UTF-8 [[Webtags#Encoding|encoding description]]. If your web pages appear to be empty when they are uploaded, look near the front of such files where the [[Customised_templates#Coding_standard_and_character_encoding_for_Customised_Templates_using_the_same_names_as_Standard_Cumulus_Templates|encoding declarations]] will be found. Cumulus 1.9.4 build 1093 changed all the template pages from XHTML 1.0 Transitional using charset=iso-8859-1 encoding to HTML 5 using charset="UTF-8" encoding. It uses this without [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark Byte Order Mark] (BOM).
#For most modern web pages, including those provided, use UTF-8 [[Webtags#Encoding|encoding description]]. If your web pages appear to be empty when they are uploaded, look near the front of such files where the [[Customised_templates#Coding_standard_and_character_encoding_for_Customised_Templates_using_the_same_names_as_Standard_Cumulus_Templates|encoding declarations]] will be found. Cumulus 1.9.4 build 1093 changed all the template pages from XHTML 1.0 Transitional using charset=iso-8859-1 encoding to HTML 5 using charset="UTF-8" encoding. It uses this without [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark Byte Order Mark] (BOM).
#Look up any FTP error codes on the web.  [http://kb.globalscape.com/KnowledgebaseArticle10142.aspx Try Here]
#Look up any FTP error codes on the web.  [http://kb.globalscape.com/KnowledgebaseArticle10142.aspx Try Here]
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* Relative paths (without a leading slash) are always safer than absolute paths (with a leading slash) and you may find that just specifying (for example) "public_html" works OK, but this all depends on how your ftp server and your ftp account is set up.
* Relative paths (without a leading slash) are always safer than absolute paths (with a leading slash) and you may find that just specifying (for example) "public_html" works OK, but this all depends on how your ftp server and your ftp account is set up.
* The host name should be associated with a particular entry point into the web server, so any directory entered into the settings should be a path relative to that entry point. The entry point for FTP may be different to the entry point for displaying web pages.
* The host name should be associated with a particular entry point into the web server, so any directory entered into the settings should be a path relative to that entry point. The entry point for FTP may be different to the entry point for displaying web pages.
=== Content missing from web server ===
This catch-all section covers everything from problems with not setting up web site to not uploading the right files at the interval you want them to be uploaded.
#All the files and folders ''within'' the '''CumulusMX/webfiles''' folder need to be transferred to your web server in a one-off operation. MX does not include a facility to do this. See the [[Website setup|setting up a web site]] page in this wiki.
#In the admin interface, settings tab, select the Internet settings screen, in the second section '''Web/FTP settings''', you can choose what MX does upload for you:
#*'''Auto update''' - this needs to be ticked for MX to upload anything for you at the standard processing and uploading interval
#*'''Include standard files''' - this is ticked for MX to process and upload the standard web templates to create web pages on your web server.  The templates must be in the '''CumulusMX/web''' folder.
#**Cumulus 1 in earlier versions created an empty web page if any of the standard web templates did not exist
#**Cumulus 1 in later versions does not attempt to upload a web page if the relevant web template does not exist
#**Cumulus MX will issue an error message if, when it tries to process all of the web templates, any are missing
#*'''Include graph data files''' - this is ticked if you want MX to generate JSON files (these will be created  in the '''CumulusMX/web''' folder, so that folder must exist) and upload them to your web server (at the Realtime interval if that is enabled lower down this screen)
#*'''Include Moon image file''' - there is a separate setting that controls whether MX creates updated moon images each hour, but this setting controls whether that image is uploaded to your web server each time MX updates the image.
#* Somewhat lower down the screen is the '''Upload interval''' text box where you specify the interval between standard uploads, it is an error to make it blank or set it to zero! The default is every 15 minutes.
#*'''Enable Realtime''' option, if you don't tick that, either the standard uploading interval will be used for files that can be processed at this interval, or the files will not be processed.
#*'''Enable realtime FTP''' - this option is ticked to get MX to use FTP to transfer any files you select to be updated at this interval
#*'''Realtimegauges.txt''' - this option is ticked for MX to create and upload the file that the Gauges web page provided with MX needs for it to actually display your data.
#*'''Realtime interval''' - in this text box you can edit the time between real time uploads. Don't set it to too small a number, think how often your station issues new readings, how quickly the device you are running MX on can do a FTP upload, and how often you need to see updates on your web site.


=== The bird image on standard web pages ===
=== The bird image on standard web pages ===
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Please see [[FAQ#I_don.27t_have_a_solar_sensor._How_do_I_remove_the_solar_data_from_the_supplied_web_templates.3F|C1 FAQ]]
Please see [[FAQ#I_don.27t_have_a_solar_sensor._How_do_I_remove_the_solar_data_from_the_supplied_web_templates.3F|C1 FAQ]]
===Changing content within standard web templates ===
See previous answer, you can make any change you like on the template pages, when MX processes the template any change you have made will appear in web page that MX next uploads to your web server.
For more guidance, please see [[Customised templates]] page that takes you through all possibilities.


=== How do I remove Inside Temperature graph or add solar/UV/sunshine? ===
=== How do I remove Inside Temperature graph or add solar/UV/sunshine? ===
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=== I use web page packages provided by third parties ===
=== I use web page packages provided by third parties ===


By third parties I mean items like those listed on [[Category:User Contributions|User Contributions]] page.
By third parties I mean items like those listed on [[:Category:User Contributions|User Contributions]] page.


For most problems you probably need to contact the author via the support forum, but here are some possible answers
For most problems you probably need to contact the author via the support forum, but here are some possible answers
# You did not follow the instructions supplied for using that package, and you have used wrong file names or not put all the files where they should be or got confused between one-off transfers to your web site and files that Cumulus needs to upload at various intervals.
# You did not follow the instructions supplied for using that package, and you have used wrong file names or not put all the files where they should be or got confused between one-off transfers to your web site and files that Cumulus needs to upload at various intervals.
# File names in that package conflict with file names you already have on your server (this might stop any PHP require/includes linking in correct file)
# File names in that package conflict with file names you already have on your server (this might stop any PHP require/includes linking in correct file)
# Maybe you are mixing some items using "http:" protocol and some using "https:", you need to chosse one or the other, not a mixture.
# Maybe you are mixing some items using "http:" protocol and some using "https:", you need to choose one or the other, not a mixture.
# Perhaps the package depends on what version of JavaScript, PHP, MySQL, you have installed, or on some setting for those languages. Depending on your web server, and the sort of access provide by any web provider you use , you might have a "cPanel" where these can be changed, or maybe you have to ask the provider to do the necessary changes.
# Perhaps the package depends on what version of JavaScript, PHP, MySQL, you have installed, or on some setting for those languages. Depending on your web server, and the sort of access provide by any web provider you use , you might have a "cPanel" where these can be changed, or maybe you have to ask the provider to do the necessary changes.


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