Charts - Solar charts - Revision history

HansR at 11:49, 9 April 2021

2021-04-09T11:49:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:49, 9 April 2021
Line 30:		Line 30:
	We measure [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance Solar Irradiance] as the power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation as measured in the wavelength range of the measuring instrument (your solar sensor of your weather station). ''CumulusMX'' stores this in [[Standard_log_files\|the monthly logs]] as the value of the ''Solar Radiation'' (field nr 19) at that moment. It is the momentary solar power in W/m<sup>2</sup>.		We measure [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance Solar Irradiance] as the power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation as measured in the wavelength range of the measuring instrument (your solar sensor of your weather station). ''CumulusMX'' stores this in [[Standard_log_files\|the monthly logs]] as the value of the ''Solar Radiation'' (field nr 19) at that moment. It is the momentary solar power in W/m<sup>2</sup>.

⚫	=== Using Numerical Integration ===
	The Solar Insolation for a given time period is the integration of the measured Solar Radiation values. Or as the wiki says:		The Solar Insolation for a given time period is the integration of the measured Solar Radiation values. Or as the wiki says:
	''Solar irradiance is often integrated over a given time period in order to report the radiant energy emitted into the surrounding environment (joule per square metre, J/m2) during that time period. This integrated solar irradiance is called solar irradiation, solar exposure, solar insolation, or insolation.''		''Solar irradiance is often integrated over a given time period in order to report the radiant energy emitted into the surrounding environment (joule per square metre, J/m2) during that time period. This integrated solar irradiance is called solar irradiation, solar exposure, solar insolation, or insolation.''

	So if we take R for Radiation (which we sample in field 19) we get for a time period of a day:		So if we take R for Radiation (which we sample in field 19) we get for a time period of a day:
	<math>\int{R} \, dt</math>		<math>\int{R} \, dt</math>

		⚫	=== Using Numerical Integration ===
	But because we do not have continuous measurement we have to approximate this by taking the samples of the ''Solar Radiation'' we do have for the sampling interval we use (1, 5, 10 etc... minutes). We use the theory of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_integration#Quadrature_rules_based_on_interpolating_functions Numerical Integration]. Assuming equal distance <math>\Delta t</math> between the samples and a not too disruptive radiation function we get an approximation for the integral as:		But because we do not have continuous measurement we have to approximate this by taking the samples of the ''Solar Radiation'' we do have for the sampling interval we use (1, 5, 10 etc... minutes). We use the theory of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_integration#Quadrature_rules_based_on_interpolating_functions Numerical Integration]. Assuming equal distance <math>\Delta t</math> between the samples and a not too disruptive radiation function we get an approximation for the integral as:
	<math>\sum_{0}^{\sum_{\Delta t}} ({field19} \times \, \Delta t)</math>		<math>\sum_{0}^{\sum_{\Delta t}} ({field19} \times \, \Delta t)</math>

HansR at 11:46, 9 April 2021

2021-04-09T11:46:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:46, 9 April 2021
Line 52:		Line 52:

	NOTE: during this process the actual calculation of the solar hours is also executed. All calculation are done in one pass. The creation of the actual charts data consists merely of the selection of the data from the resulting list.		NOTE: during this process the actual calculation of the solar hours is also executed. All calculation are done in one pass. The creation of the actual charts data consists merely of the selection of the data from the resulting list.

	=== Solving the variability of the interval ===


	== Monthly Insolation statistics per year ==		== Monthly Insolation statistics per year ==
	[[File:Monthly insolation statistics per year.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Monthly insolation statistics per year]]		[[File:Monthly insolation statistics per year.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Monthly insolation statistics per year]]
			The chart is analogue to the previous chart for all years.


	[[Category:CumulusUtils]]		[[Category:CumulusUtils]]

HansR: /* Method of calculation */

2021-04-09T11:41:47Z

Method of calculation

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:41, 9 April 2021
Line 50:		Line 50:
	#The Energy over the interval is calculated as <math>{SolarRad} \times {Interval} \times 60</math> to get the energy in Ws and summed up to the total for the day.		#The Energy over the interval is calculated as <math>{SolarRad} \times {Interval} \times 60</math> to get the energy in Ws and summed up to the total for the day.
	#At the end of the day the total energy sum in Ws is converted to KWh by <math>{the\ energy\ sum} \div {3600 \div 1000}</math>		#At the end of the day the total energy sum in Ws is converted to KWh by <math>{the\ energy\ sum} \div {3600 \div 1000}</math>

			NOTE: during this process the actual calculation of the solar hours is also executed. All calculation are done in one pass. The creation of the actual charts data consists merely of the selection of the data from the resulting list.

	=== Solving the variability of the interval ===		=== Solving the variability of the interval ===

HansR: /* Method of calculation */

2021-04-09T11:39:14Z

Method of calculation

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:39, 9 April 2021
Line 49:		Line 49:
	#If the interval is larger then 30 minutes the gap is too large and the value is skipped, no addition is made, the calculation is restarted at the next entry.		#If the interval is larger then 30 minutes the gap is too large and the value is skipped, no addition is made, the calculation is restarted at the next entry.
	#The Energy over the interval is calculated as <math>{SolarRad} \times {Interval} \times 60</math> to get the energy in Ws and summed up to the total for the day.		#The Energy over the interval is calculated as <math>{SolarRad} \times {Interval} \times 60</math> to get the energy in Ws and summed up to the total for the day.
	#At the end of the day the total energy in Ws is converted to KWh by <math>the energy sum \div {3600 \div 1000}</math>		#At the end of the day the total energy sum in Ws is converted to KWh by <math>{the\ energy\ sum} \div {3600 \div 1000}</math>

	=== Solving the variability of the interval ===		=== Solving the variability of the interval ===

HansR: /* Method of calculation */

2021-04-09T11:37:59Z

Method of calculation

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:37, 9 April 2021
Line 49:		Line 49:
	#If the interval is larger then 30 minutes the gap is too large and the value is skipped, no addition is made, the calculation is restarted at the next entry.		#If the interval is larger then 30 minutes the gap is too large and the value is skipped, no addition is made, the calculation is restarted at the next entry.
	#The Energy over the interval is calculated as <math>{SolarRad} \times {Interval} \times 60</math> to get the energy in Ws and summed up to the total for the day.		#The Energy over the interval is calculated as <math>{SolarRad} \times {Interval} \times 60</math> to get the energy in Ws and summed up to the total for the day.
	#At the end of the day the total energy in Ws is converted to KWh by ~~dividing~~ the energy sum ~~by <math>{energy}~~ \div {3600 \div 1000}</math>		#At the end of the day the total energy in Ws is converted to KWh by <math>the energy sum \div {3600 \div 1000}</math>

	=== Solving the variability of the interval ===		=== Solving the variability of the interval ===

HansR: /* Using Numerical Integration */

2021-04-09T11:36:54Z

Using Numerical Integration

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:36, 9 April 2021
Line 34:		Line 34:
	''Solar irradiance is often integrated over a given time period in order to report the radiant energy emitted into the surrounding environment (joule per square metre, J/m2) during that time period. This integrated solar irradiance is called solar irradiation, solar exposure, solar insolation, or insolation.''		''Solar irradiance is often integrated over a given time period in order to report the radiant energy emitted into the surrounding environment (joule per square metre, J/m2) during that time period. This integrated solar irradiance is called solar irradiation, solar exposure, solar insolation, or insolation.''
	So if we take R for Radiation (which we sample in field 19) we get for a time period of a day:		So if we take R for Radiation (which we sample in field 19) we get for a time period of a day:
	<math>\int~~\limits_{0}^{24}~~{R} \, dt</math>		<math>\int{R} \, dt</math>
	But because we do not have continuous measurement we have to approximate this by taking the samples of the ''Solar Radiation'' we do have for the sampling interval we use (1, 5, 10 etc... minutes). Assuming equal distance between the samples and a not too disruptive radiation function we get an approximation for the integral as:		But because we do not have continuous measurement we have to approximate this by taking the samples of the ''Solar Radiation'' we do have for the sampling interval we use (1, 5, 10 etc... minutes). We use the theory of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_integration#Quadrature_rules_based_on_interpolating_functions Numerical Integration]. Assuming equal distance <math>\Delta t</math> between the samples and a not too disruptive radiation function we get an approximation for the integral as:
	<math>\sum_{t=0}^{24} field19</math>		<math>\sum_{0}^{\sum_{\Delta t}} ({field19} \times \, \Delta t)</math>
	for all samples, assuming the measured value is the midpoint of		for all samples, assuming the measured value is the midpoint of
	<math>t + \frac{1}{2}interval</math> and <math>t - \frac{1}{2}interval</math>.		<math>t + \frac{1}{2}\times \Delta t</math> and <math>t - \frac{1}{2}\times \Delta t</math>.

			=== Variable interval ===
	However this interval appears not to be constant in the reality of ''CumulusMX''.
			However this interval appears not to be constant in the reality of ''CumulusMX''. Not only appears the user to change the interval once in a while but also in the start and stop sequence of CMX and for other reasons unknown there appear to be smaller and larger 'gaps' in the data resulting in time interval changes which have been found to be unpredictable. As a result an algorithmic solution has been applied to reduce the influence of the interval size. With a bit of grandeur you might say it is an integration with variable step size.

			=== Method of calculation ===
			#A list of monthly logfile entries is created for each day where the theoretical solar max radiation is above zero (i.e. the sun is up)
			#The interval in minutes is the sampling interval (loginterval) the user has assigned in the CumulusMX settings (1, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30 minutes)
			#Then in a loop over all values, each time it is checked if the interval setting corresponds with the realised interval. If not the interval is adjusted to the new value.
			#If the interval is larger then 30 minutes the gap is too large and the value is skipped, no addition is made, the calculation is restarted at the next entry.
			#The Energy over the interval is calculated as <math>{SolarRad} \times {Interval} \times 60</math> to get the energy in Ws and summed up to the total for the day.
			#At the end of the day the total energy in Ws is converted to KWh by dividing the energy sum by <math>{energy} \div {3600 \div 1000}</math>

	=== Solving the variability of the interval ===		=== Solving the variability of the interval ===

HansR at 09:49, 9 April 2021

2021-04-09T09:49:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:49, 9 April 2021
Line 30:		Line 30:
	We measure [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance Solar Irradiance] as the power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation as measured in the wavelength range of the measuring instrument (your solar sensor of your weather station). ''CumulusMX'' stores this in [[Standard_log_files\|the monthly logs]] as the value of the ''Solar Radiation'' (field nr 19) at that moment. It is the momentary solar power in W/m<sup>2</sup>.		We measure [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance Solar Irradiance] as the power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation as measured in the wavelength range of the measuring instrument (your solar sensor of your weather station). ''CumulusMX'' stores this in [[Standard_log_files\|the monthly logs]] as the value of the ''Solar Radiation'' (field nr 19) at that moment. It is the momentary solar power in W/m<sup>2</sup>.

	== Using Numerical Integration ==		=== Using Numerical Integration ===
	The Solar Insolation for a given time period is the integration of the measured Solar Radiation values. Or as the wiki says:		The Solar Insolation for a given time period is the integration of the measured Solar Radiation values. Or as the wiki says:
	''Solar irradiance is often integrated over a given time period in order to report the radiant energy emitted into the surrounding environment (joule per square metre, J/m2) during that time period. This integrated solar irradiance is called solar irradiation, solar exposure, solar insolation, or insolation.''		''Solar irradiance is often integrated over a given time period in order to report the radiant energy emitted into the surrounding environment (joule per square metre, J/m2) during that time period. This integrated solar irradiance is called solar irradiation, solar exposure, solar insolation, or insolation.''
Line 42:		Line 42:
	However this interval appears not to be constant in the reality of ''CumulusMX''.		However this interval appears not to be constant in the reality of ''CumulusMX''.

	== Solving the variability of the interval ==		=== Solving the variability of the interval ===


	== Monthly Insolation statistics per year ==		== Monthly Insolation statistics per year ==

HansR: /* Insolation statistics */

2021-04-09T09:49:00Z

Insolation statistics

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 == Insolation statistics ==
 [[File:Insolation statistics.jpg|thumb|right|Insolation statistics per year]]
 == Monthly Insolation statistics per year ==

HansR at 08:48, 9 April 2021

2021-04-09T08:48:37Z

HansR: added the images

2021-04-09T08:26:23Z

added the images

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:26, 9 April 2021
Line 13:		Line 13:

	== Solar hours statistics ==		== Solar hours statistics ==
			[[File:Solar Hours Statistics.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Solar hour statistics per year]]

	== Monthly solar hours statistics per year ==		== Monthly solar hours statistics per year ==
			[[File:Monthly solar hours statistics per year.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Monthly solar hours statistics per year]]

	== Insolation statistics ==		== Insolation statistics ==
			[[File:Insolation statistics.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Insolation statistics per year]]

	== Monthly Insolation statistics per year ==		== Monthly Insolation statistics per year ==
			[[File:Monthly insolation statistics per year.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Monthly insolation statistics per year]]


	[[Category:CumulusUtils]]		[[Category:CumulusUtils]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:48, 9 April 2021
Line 4:		Line 4:
	The Solar charts submodule consists of four charts:		The Solar charts submodule consists of four charts:

	Solar hours statistics - Plotting the range, average and estimator for the standard deviation for the solar hours per year		#Solar hours statistics - Plotting the range, average and estimator for the standard deviation for the solar hours per year
	Monthly solar hours statistics per year - Plotting the range, average and estimator for the standard deviation for the solar hours per month per year		#Monthly solar hours statistics per year - Plotting the range, average and estimator for the standard deviation for the solar hours per month per year
	Insolation statistics - Plotting the range, average and estimator for the standard deviation for the solar energy per year		#Insolation statistics - Plotting the range, average and estimator for the standard deviation for the solar energy per year
	Monthly Insolation statistics per year - Plotting the range, average and estimator for the standard deviation for the solar energy per month per year		#Monthly Insolation statistics per year - Plotting the range, average and estimator for the standard deviation for the solar energy per month per year

	Below you will find an example image of each chart and an explanation of the origin of the numbers.		Below you will find an example image of each chart and an explanation of the origin of the numbers.
	For the insolation graphs the method of calculation is explained.		For the insolation graphs the method of calculation is explained.

			For the calculations the standard C# LINQ-functions Min, Max and Avg are used. For the standard deviation this [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2253874/standard-deviation-in-linq LINQ-extension] is used with a modification for a minimum number of observations required of 2, if less the StdDev returns 0 (zero).

			NOTE: for years where no solar sensor was present the chart displays the value 0 on all charts. The possibility not to display the years at all has not been implemented.

	== Solar hours statistics ==		== Solar hours statistics ==
	[[File:Solar Hours Statistics.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Solar hour statistics per year]]		[[File:Solar Hours Statistics.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Solar hour statistics per year]]
			For all days in a year the value of field 25, ''Total hours of sunshine'' (see [[Dayfile.txt\|Dayfile]]), is taken and the resulting statistics are calculated and plotted.

	== Monthly solar hours statistics per year ==		== Monthly solar hours statistics per year ==
	[[File:Monthly solar hours statistics per year.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Monthly solar hours statistics per year]]		[[File:Monthly solar hours statistics per year.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Monthly solar hours statistics per year]]
			For all days in a month in a year, the value of field 25, ''Total hours of sunshine'' (see [[Dayfile.txt\|Dayfile]]), is taken and the resulting statistics are calculated and plotted.

	== Insolation statistics ==		== Insolation statistics ==
	[[File:Insolation statistics.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Insolation statistics per year]]		[[File:Insolation statistics.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Insolation statistics per year]]


	== Monthly Insolation statistics per year ==		== Monthly Insolation statistics per year ==